Seasonal Boxwood Care: Tips for Healthy Growth

Boxwoods are a popular choice for landscaping. They are versatile, elegant, and easy to maintain. However, they require specific care throughout the year to thrive. In this guide, we will explore seasonal boxwood care to help your shrubs stay healthy.

Boxwood Varieties

Different varieties have unique characteristics that suit various climates and landscaping needs.

Here’s a simple guide to popular boxwood varieties and their best uses:

1. American Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens)

• Size: Large, upright, oval-shaped; grows up to 20 feet if untrimmed.
• Best Use: Tall hedges and formal gardens.
• Climate: Thrives in colder climates; prefers partial shade.
• Care: Requires regular pruning to maintain shape.

2. English Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa')

• Size: Compact and dense; grows slowly to about 3 feet.
• Best Use: Low borders, edging, and topiary.
• Climate: Cooler climates with partial shade.
• Care: Careful watering to prevent root rot.

3. Winter Gem (Buxus microphylla 'Winter Gem')

• Size: Medium, 4–6 feet tall.
• Best Use: Hedges, containers, or standalone shrubs.
• Climate: Cold climates; adaptable to sun or shade.
• Care: Mulch the base in winter for root protection.

4. Green Mountain (Buxus x 'Green Mountain')

• Size: Pyramidal, naturally maintains shape; grows up to 5 feet.
• Best Use: Accent plants or formal garden designs.
• Climate: Cold-hardy and deer-resistant.
• Care: Light pruning enhances its natural form.

5. Japanese Boxwood (Buxus microphylla var. japonica)

• Size: Open growth habit; grows up to 6 feet.
• Best Use: Warmer climates and casual landscapes.
• Climate: Heat-tolerant and drought-resistant.
• Care: Plant in well-drained soil to prevent root issues.

6. Korean Boxwood (Buxus sinica var. insularis)

• Size: Compact and spreading; 2–3 feet tall.
• Best Use: Low hedges and borders in cold regions.
• Climate: Extremely cold-hardy (-20°F).
• Care: Fertilize in spring for healthy growth.

7. Green Beauty (Buxus microphylla var. japonica 'Green Beauty')

• Size: Medium, up to 4 feet tall and wide.
• Best Use: Hedges, foundation plantings, or containers.
• Climate: Heat-tolerant; thrives in sun or shade.
• Care: Consistent watering; avoid over-saturating soil.

8. Wedding Ring (Buxus microphylla 'Wedding Ring')

• Size: Compact, slow-growing; up to 3 feet tall.
• Best Use: Decorative accents or small gardens.
• Climate: Moderate climates with partial shade.
• Care: Protect from harsh winter winds.

9. Fastigiata (Buxus sempervirens 'Fastigiata')

• Size: Upright and columnar; grows 6–8 feet tall.
• Best Use: Vertical accents or privacy screens.
• Climate: Cooler climates with partial shade.
• Care: Prune occasionally to maintain a tidy appearance.

Spring Care for Boxwoods

As boxwoods transition out of dormancy, inspect them for signs of winter damage, such as browning leaves, broken branches, or pests. Remove dead or damaged branches and thin out dense areas to improve air circulation, encouraging healthy growth. Apply a slow-release, balanced fertilizer to nourish the foliage and roots. Mulch the root zone to conserve moisture and regulate soil temperature. Test the soil pH and adjust as needed, keeping it in the optimal range of 6.5 to 7.5 for boxwoods to thrive.

Summer Care for Boxwoods

Boxwoods have shallow roots, making them prone to drought, so water deeply once or twice a week to maintain moist, well-drained soil. Keep an eye out for pests like psyllids, leafminers, and spider mites, treating infestations with horticultural oils or insecticidal soaps. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can damage roots; only apply more if growth seems weak. In areas with strong sunlight, partial shade helps prevent leaf scorch. Regularly inspect for diseases such as boxwood blight or root rot and address problems promptly to maintain plant health.

Fall Care for Boxwoods

Prune overgrown branches lightly to maintain shape, avoiding heavy cuts that can stress the plant before winter. Apply anti-desiccant sprays as temperatures drop to reduce moisture loss. Clear fallen leaves and debris to prevent pests and diseases. Refresh the mulch layer with 2–3 inches of organic material to insulate the roots. Water thoroughly before the first frost to help the plant endure freezing conditions.

Winter Care for Boxwoods

During harsh winters, wrap boxwoods in burlap to protect them from wind and frost. Use windbreaks or shade structures to prevent bronzing from intense winter sun. Gently brush off heavy snow to avoid branch breakage, and reapply mulch to stabilize soil and protect roots from frost heaving. To deter deer and rabbits, use repellents or install fencing.

Best Boxwood Varieties for Your Landscape

Choosing the right boxwood variety is crucial. Different types have unique characteristics and care requirements.

1. American Boxwood: Large and hardy, great for hedges.
2. English Boxwood: Smaller and denser, ideal for formal gardens.
3. Winter Gem: Tolerant of cold climates.
4. Green Mountain: Cone-shaped and perfect for accents.
5. Japanese Boxwood: Heat-resistant and versatile.

Propagation Techniques

Propagation of boxwood shrubs can be done through seeds or cuttings, with cuttings being the most common and efficient method. Stem cuttings are typically taken in midsummer when the plant's growth is semi-hardwood. These cuttings are then placed in well-draining soil or a container with a mulch layer to retain moisture, ensuring proper rooting conditions. Growing boxwoods from seeds is less common due to their slow germination and growth rate but is occasionally used for non-patented varieties. For optimal results, consider the specific variety, such as American, Japanese, or Korean boxwoods, and ensure the propagation environment matches their USDA hardiness zone requirements.

Planting Boxwoods

Planting boxwood shrubs requires careful planning to ensure they thrive. Depending on the variety, choose a location with partial shade or full sun, and ensure the soil is well-drained and slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.5–7.5). Test the soil and amend it with organic matter if needed to improve drainage and nutrient content. Plant the shrubs at the same depth as their root ball, avoiding deep planting that can stress their shallow root systems. Apply a layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature, and select a wind-sheltered site to protect the shrubs from harsh weather.

Fertilization

Fertilizing boxwood shrubs is essential for promoting healthy growth and vibrant foliage. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to support both foliar and root development. Apply fertilizer in early spring, targeting the root zone, and consider using a soil drench for deeper nutrient absorption. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can harm the plant and lead to weak growth. Consistent, moderate feeding ensures your boxwoods remain lush and resilient throughout the growing season.

Boxwood Care Made Easy with Strobert Tree Services

Caring for boxwoods can seem daunting, but proper seasonal maintenance makes it manageable. If you need help with pruning, pest control, or disease management, contact Strobert Tree Services. Our certified arborists can assess your shrubs and provide expert care.

Keep your boxwoods healthy and beautiful year-round!